Text, Numbers and Collections

Chapter 3 introduced the built-in types and showed what the operators do to them. This chapter is the working manual for the five you will reach for every day: strings, numbers, lists, dictionaries and ranges.

One idea shapes all five. Zuri puts behaviour on the value itself. There is no len(x) and no str.upper(x); there is x.length() and x.upper(). That holds for numbers too, which carry the whole of the mathematics library as methods:

echo 'zuri'.upper()
echo [3, 1, 2].sort()
echo 16.sqrt()
echo 255.hex()

ZURI
[1, 2, 3]
4
ff

Because the methods live on the value, they chain, and a chain reads left to right in the order the work happens:

var line = '  Ada, Grace , Alan  '

echo line.trim().split(',').map(@(name) => name.trim()).length()

3

Each section here covers the methods worth knowing by name, the ones with a behaviour you would not guess, and the mistakes that come up most often. Appendix E is the complete list, generated from the same documentation the runtime ships.